abstraction

noun

Synonyms of abstraction
1
a
: the act or process of abstracting : the state of being abstracted
b
: an abstract idea or term
2
: absence of mind or preoccupation
3
: abstract quality or character
4
a
: an abstract composition or creation in art
abstractive adjective

Did you know?

From its roots, abstraction should mean basically "something pulled or drawn away". So abstract art is art that has moved away from painting objects of the ordinary physical world in order to show something beyond it. Theories are often abstractions; so a theory about economics, for instance, may "pull back" to take a broad view that somehow explains all of economics (but maybe doesn't end up explaining any of it very successfully). An abstract of a medical or scientific article is a one-paragraph summary of its contents—that is, the basic findings "pulled out" of the article.

Examples of abstraction in a Sentence

abstraction of data from hospital records “Beauty” and “truth” are abstractions. She gazed out the window in abstraction.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Values on a wall ask people to interpret abstractions, while stories carry judgment and understanding inside them. Bryan Adams, Forbes.com, 2 Sep. 2026 The film is downright Tarkovskian for its initial hour, unspooling through eerie abstractions that heighten its lingering domestic turmoil. Siddhant Adlakha, Variety, 2 Sep. 2026 On an infinite graph — an abstraction where the graph extends forever in all directions — one or several infinite seas will dominate. Leila Sloman, Quanta Magazine, 31 Aug. 2026 At a high level of abstraction, some scholars emphasize the multiplicity itself as a key aspect of Hinduism. Charles Preston, Encyclopedia Britannica, 28 Aug. 2026 See All Example Sentences for abstraction

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from Middle French & Late Latin; Middle French, "abduction (of a woman), removal, extraction (of a foreign body from a wound), (in philosophy) process by which the mind is able to form universal representations of the properties of distinct objects," borrowed from Late Latin abstractiōn-, abstractiō, from Latin abstrac- (variant stem of abstrahere "to remove forcibly") + -tiōn-, -tiō, suffix of action nouns — more at abstract entry 1

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of abstraction was in the 15th century

Cite this Entry

“Abstraction.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/abstraction. Accessed 4 Sep. 2026.

Kids Definition

abstraction

noun
1
a
: the act or process of abstracting : the state of being abstracted
b
: an abstract idea or term
2
: an artistic composition or creation having designs that do not represent actual objects

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